The sixth largest state in the country, Arizona is renowned for its breathtaking landscapes, such as the Grand Canyon, the red rocks of Sedona, the Painted Desert, and the Petrified Forest. It's also a haven for those in need of some quality leisure time, whether spent relaxing at a luxurious spa, or playing golf at one of the state's over 300 golf courses. Wild West attractions, thriving artist communities, outdoor pursuits, and more make Arizona an exciting vacation destination.
Three geographic regions make up Arizona: the Colorado Plateau, the Transition Zone, and Basin and Ridge Region. The Colorado Plateau covers the northern 2/5 of the state. Though most of its land is flat, occasional mountains and deep canyons add interest to the landscape. Both dry deserts and mountain forests with heavy snowfall can be found in the plateau, and winters can be quite cold here, especially in the mountains. The slice of land across central Arizona is considered the Transition Zone. This zone features mountain ranges and valleys, as well as the Salt River Canyon. Like the north, winters can be cold; summers share thunderstorms with the Basin and Ridge Region. The Basin and Ridge Region runs south, through the Mexican border, and includes a narrow strip along the western borders of California and Nevada. Mountain ranges separated by low, fertile valleys can be found here, and much of the area is part of the Sonoran Desert. Summertime temperatures often hit highs above 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Overall, much of Arizona has a semiarid climate. Low humidity, little rainfall, and sunny days make for perfect vacation weather.
History and Economy
Over thousands of years, many different Native American tribes have flourished on Arizona's lands. Although little is known about the earliest settlers, it's believed that they may have arrived as long ago as 25,000 B.C. Around 1300 A.D., the Apaches and Navajos migrated south from Canada, and established communities.
Spanish explorers traveled extensively through Arizona's lands in the 1500s, but didn't found any colonies in the region. Jesuit monks built three missions in the state between 1692 and 1700; however, Spain forced them all to leave by 1767. After Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821, Arizona became part of Mexico. Only a handful of settlers, mainly mountain men, trappers, and traders, were attracted to Arizona in the early 1800s.
Even after the United States acquired the lands (between 1848 and 1853), settlers only came in larger numbers after the federal government began passing acts to encourage settlement, beginning in 1862. The influx of newcomers sparked intermittent battles between the Apaches and U.S. soldiers for the next 25 years. Some of the newcomers were prospectors, who rushed to Tombstone after the discovery of silver there in 1877. Although the Tombstone mining craze only lasted about 10 years, its larger-than-life gunslingers, and events like the shootout at O.K. Corral have become legendary.
In 1912, Arizona became the 48th state to become part of the U.S. Irrigation projects in the southern parts of the state gave a boost to farmers and agriculture in the state. During World War II, defense industries found Arizona an ideal location for manufacturing.
Currently, manufacturing continues to be the top sector of Arizona's economy, particularly electronics. Other important industries include high-tech communications, service industries, construction, and tourism. With Arizona's copper production higher than any other state, mineral mining remains significant. Primary farm commodities are cattle, calves, and dairy products. Cotton, hay, lettuce, cauliflower, broccoli, and melons are among the principal crops. In the state's north and central regions, commercial forests supply the lumber and building industries. Military facilities, testing, and training also contribute to the state's economy.
Fun in the Sun
Visitors with all sorts of different interests will find plenty to satisfy them in Arizona. From the outdoors to the arts, it's all here.
With 22 Native American tribes calling Arizona home, approximately 30 percent of the state's land belongs to reservations. Many reservations provide recreation, casinos, and scenic areas for public enjoyment. In fact, some of the state's most popular attractions are on reservation lands, such as ancient dwellings built into cliff-sides.
Those who have never seen the Grand Canyon plan to visit this amazing site with vacationing in Arizona. One of the seven natural wonders of the world, this awe-inspiring sight is 277 miles long and one mile deep. It can be explored by hiking, mule ride, helicopter, airplane, and rafting tours down the Colorado River. For a trip through Arizona's countryside, take the vintage train from Williams to the canyon's South Rim.
Although Arizona is a desert state, water sports are available on several lakes and rivers. Water parks are another great way to cool off on a hot day. In the wintertime, mountain snowfall can accumulate up to 100 feet deep, providing the perfect base for skiing and snowboarding. Hiking, camping, birdwatching, horseback riding, and golf can all be enjoyed year-round. Round it out with a hot-air balloon ride or dune buggy drive over the Yuma Sand Dunes. Don't forget to keep your eyes out for wild burros.
History comes alive in Arizona, too. Native American petroglyphs, old-west ghost towns, and historic mines are among the many attractions. There's also the Old Tuscon Studios, an Old West theme park which is often used as a location in feature films and T.V. episodes. The famous Route 66 runs through the state, too.
Travelers interested in the arts have plenty to choose from. Large cities like Phoenix and Tucson host a plethora of museums, galleries, and performing arts. However, Arizona's laid-back vibe and beautiful scenery attract many creative people to the state, so even smaller towns often have cultural opportunities. Shops with local arts and crafts are especially common.
For sports fans, there's action galore. Arizona hosts many nationally-known spectator events and contests. The greater Phoenix area is home to professional teams in the NFL, NHL, NBA, and major league baseball. Baseball fans may want to catch the pro baseball exhibition games during the Cactus League Spring Training. College football is also played. As for motor sports, both NASCAR and Indy races can be found. There's even a major jet-ski race on Lake Havasu every year.
Ever wanted to see the London Bridge? Surprisingly, it's been in Lake Havasu City since 1968. There's also an English Village there to enhance the feel of being in the UK. For a taste of the Serengeti, visit the Out of Africa wildlife park, or transport yourself to another galaxy at one of Arizona's observatories.
Whatever it is you enjoy, you can get your kicks in Arizona.
